| CTI has developed and tested innovative training methods 
                    to improve critical thinking skills in real-worldl decision 
                    making.  The training is based on research literature in a variety 
                    of fields, and our own research on mental 
                    models and critical 
                    thinking. The training has been developed and 
                    evaluated successfully in both Army and Navy contexts. 
                   Training 
                    for Critical Thinking on the Battlefield was developed 
                    specifically for Army battlefield commanders and command staff. 
                    It was used in an advanced tactics course at the Command and 
                    General Staff College, Leavenworth, KA, in the spring of 1999. 
                    CTI received an award for one of the five most outstanding 
                    SBIR projects in 1999 as a result of this work.  The Army training focuses on strategies for building, critiquing, 
                    and improving situation models and plans. It focuses on three 
                    major battlefield themes: purpose, time, and maneuver. Purpose 
                    refers to an understanding of the higher-level context and 
                    objectives within an organization. Time refers to influencing 
                    proactively or anticipating the actions of others, both friend 
                    and foe. Maneuver combines these two elements: It is the effort 
                    to achieve high-level purposes in the least costly way, by 
                    influencing the enemy's ability to make effective decisions. Critical thinking raining was also developed and tested for 
                    Navy  See also: |